太湖重污染湖区和水源地水质概况及藻毒素污染环境风险

近年来太湖流域局部水质状况有所改善,但太湖藻型生境条件还未根本改变,水污染防治任务依然艰巨。确保太湖湖体水质稳定达标,尤其是加强对太湖重点湖区和水源地重点污染物的调查研究十分重要。在此背景下,本文调研了太湖重点湖区和水源地水质概况、藻毒素污染时空分布特征、环境影响因子和迁移转化规律,并总结了藻毒素的环境和健康风险研究的最新进展,指出了太湖西部湖区和饮用水源地的主要环境风险,以及未来太湖藻毒素污染相关研究需解决的关键技术问题,以期为促进太湖流域重点污染物的控制和治理,确保太湖饮用水源地安全提供有益借鉴。

General Situation of Water Quality and Environmental Risks of Algal Toxins Pollution in Major Polluted Area and Water Sources of Lake Taihu

In recent years, the local water quality has been improved in Lake Taihu Basin. However, algal habitat conditions have not changed fundamentally in Lake Taihu and therefore it is still an arduous task to prevent and control the eutrophication pollution. In order to control and guarantee the water quality, it is very important to carry out the investigation of the status of key pollutants in Lake Taihu, especially in its major polluted area and water sources area. In this review, we introduced the general situation of water quality, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics, environmental impact factors, and the migration and transformation rules of algal toxins in Lake Taihu. We summarized the research advances in the environmental and health risks of algal toxins in Lake Taihu. Finally, we pointed out the main environmental risks of algal toxins in the western lake area and drinking water source area of Lake Taihu and the key technical issues of related studies in the further. This review provides useful references for promoting the control and treatment of key pollutants and ensuring the safety of drinking water source in Lake Taihu Basin.