Estimating environmental benefits of natural hazard mitigation with data transfer: results from a benefit-cost analysis of Federal Emergency Management Agency hazard mitigation grants |
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Authors: | John C Whitehead Adam Z Rose |
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Institution: | (1) Appalachian State University, Boone, USA;(2) University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA |
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Abstract: | This paper summarizes methods, data and results associated with the first major attempt to evaluate the environmental benefits
of U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency natural hazards mitigation grants. The study relied heavily on the refinement
of benefit transfer methods. Categories of benefits include water quality for recreational and commercial fishing, drinking
water, outdoor recreation, hazardous waste, wetlands and aesthetic, health and safety benefits. Environmental and historic
benefits proved to be a very minor proportion of the total benefits in dollar terms. Only a very small percentage of earthquake
and wind-related hazards yielded environmental benefits, while a sizeable percentage of flood hazard grants did so. We also
discuss the prospects that environmental benefits might have been much greater had data been available to analyze more environmental
impacts. |
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