Life style and genetic variation in teleosts: the case of pelagic (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Aphia minuta</Emphasis>) and benthic (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Gobius niger</Emphasis>) gobies (Perciformes: Gobiidae) |
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Authors: | Massimo Giovannotti Mario La Mesa Vincenzo Caputo |
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Institution: | (1) Istituto di Biologia e Genetica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Ranieri, 65, 60131 Ancona, Italy;(2) ISMAR-CNR, Istituto di Scienze Marine, Sezione di Ancona, Largo Fiera della Pesca, 60125 Ancona, Italy |
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Abstract: | The pattern of genetic variability of two species of Mediterranean gobiids was compared, with reference to their different
life history traits (Aphia minuta paedomorphic and pelagic; Gobius
niger metamorphosed and benthic). The aim was to evaluate how different life histories can affect the genetic structure in these
marine teleosts. The study was carried out on populations of both species sampled in the western Mediterranean and in the
Adriatic Sea. Seven restriction endonucleases were used for the RFLP analysis of a mitochondrial DNA segment comprising the
NADH dehydrogenase subunits 3, 4L and 4. The results highlighted two different patterns of genetic variation, a weak genetic
structure in A. minuta and population subdivision in G. niger. These observations may be explained not only in terms of the different dispersal capabilities of these species, but also
considering that A. minuta is an abbreviate iteroparous spawner while G. niger is a protracted iteroparous spawner. Because abbreviate iteroparity is a reproductive strategy selected in stable environments
with high resource availability, Pliocene and Pleistocene climate oscillations may have represented factors that negatively
influenced the reproductive success of A. minuta, producing demographic fluctuations and bottlenecks, as suggested by the mismatch distribution analysis. The weak genetic
structure of A. minuta populations seems to be therefore due to a more recent re-colonization of the Mediterranean basin after a severe population
decline, rather than to the high vagility of this pelagic goby. |
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