土壤中毒虫畏和倍硫磷复合污染物的降解规律

采用土壤室内培养,气相色谱仪测定的方法,研究了毒虫畏和倍硫磷2种有机磷杀虫剂的复合污染物在红壤中的降解规律.结果表明:在复合污染下,倍硫磷的降解显著快于其在单一污染下的降解;土壤水分饱和条件下,倍硫磷的降解与对照差异不大,而毒虫畏的降解量在加入农药后的前21d比对照高33.3%～1 250%;在土壤干旱条件下,倍硫磷的降解量比对照略有降低,而毒虫畏的降解量在前期则比对照显著增加;施用氮肥能促进复合污染物的降解;在去除有机质的红壤矿物中,倍硫磷的化学降解量比对照降低22.4%～30.8%,而在加入农药后的前21d,毒虫畏的化学降解量比对照增加42.1%～2 370%,随后又下降.因此,复合与单一农药的污染物在土壤中的降解规律是不同的,复合污染的有机磷农药在土壤中的降解是相互影响的.

Degradation Regulation of Fenthion and Chlorfenvinfos Combined Pollutants in Red Soil

The degrading regulations of combined pollutants of chlorfenvinfos and fenthion in red soil were studied, in which soil incubation, gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection for analysis are utilized. The main conclusions drawn are as follows: under combined pollution condition, the degrading amount of fenthion was significantly higher than that of fenthion alone in soil; under saturated soil humidity, the degrading amount of fenthion was less changed, while that of chlorfenvinfos was increased by 33.3% - 1250%. Soil drought made degradation amount of fenthion decreased a little, while made chlorfenvinfos increased significantly prior to the 21st day after addition of pesticide; nitrogen fertilizer application stimulated both fenthion and chlorfenvinfos degraded; the chemical degrading amount of fenthion in soil with organic matter eliminated was decreased by 22.4% - 30.8%, while that of chlorfenvinfos was increased 42.1% - 2370% at the earlier stage, and was decreased 11% - 17.3% at the later stage. Therefore, there are differences of degrading regulation between single pesticide pollutant and combined pesticide pollutants in soil, and the degradation of organophosphorus pesticides in combined pollutants are influenced with each other.