Observations and Model Simulations of Carbon Monoxide Emission Factors from a California Highway |
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| Authors: | Anthony E. Held Daniel P.Y. Chang Debbie A. Niemeier |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of California , Davis, California , USA aeheld@ucdavis.edu;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of California , Davis, California , USA |
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| Abstract: | ABSTRACT A series of twelve intensively monitored 1-hr CO dispersion studies were conducted near Davis, CA, in winter 1996. The experimental equipment included twelve CO sampling ports at elevations up to 50 m, three sonic anemometers, a tethersonde station, aircraft measurements of wind and temperature profile aloft, and a variety of conventional meteorological equipment. The study was designed to explore the role of vehicular exhaust buoyancy during worst-case meteorological conditions, such as low winds oriented in near-parallel alignment with the road during a surface-based nocturnal inversion. From the study, field estimates of the CO emission factor (EF) from a California vehicle fleet were computed using two different methods. The analysis suggests that the CT-EMFAC/ EMFAC (EMission FACtor) models currently used to conduct federal conformity modeling significantly overpredict CO emissions for high-speed, free-flowing traffic on California highways. |
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