Measurement of Hydrocarbon Emissions Fluxes from Refinery Wastewater Impoundments Using Atmospheric Tracer Techniques |
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| Authors: | Touché Howard Brian K Lamb W Lee Bamesberger Patrick R Zimmerman |
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| Institution: | 1. Indaco Air Quality Services, Inc. , Pullman , Washington , USA;2. Washington State University , Pullman , Washington , USA;3. National Center for Atmospheric Research , Boulder , Colorado , USA |
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| Abstract: | Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer was used in a series of the experiments to simulate emissions of benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene, and xylenes (BTEX) from a refinery wastewater basin. The ratio of the measured tracer release to the ambient tracer concentration established a dilution factor which was then used to calculate the mass flux of BTEX from the wastewater basin using the ambient BTEX concentration data. Measured fluxes of BTEX varied from 7 g/min to 70 g/min. The CHEMDAT7 air emissions model was then used to predict emissions for comparison with the emissions measured using the tracer flux simulation. CHEMDAT7 typically overpredicted total measured BTEX emissions by factors of twelve to seventeen. The degree of overprediction varied both by the individual compound and the module of CHEMDAT7 used to predict emission fluxes. |
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