我国典型城市冬季龙头水中卤代酚类嗅味污染特征

为研究我国典型城市冬季龙头水中卤代酚类嗅味暴露特征,以8种典型卤代酚类嗅味物质为研究对象,采用固相微萃取预处理,结合气相色谱-质谱联用仪对全国22个典型城市龙头水中的卤代酚类嗅味污染物进行定性、定量分析. 结果表明:在我国冬季典型城市龙头水中普遍存在卤代酚类嗅味物质暴露问题. 其中,以4-氯酚的暴露浓度最大,ρ(4-氯酚)最高为3 526.24 ng/L,ρ(2-氯酚)和ρ(2-溴酚)较小,最大暴露值均小于100 ng/L；ρ(2,6-二溴酚)与ρ(2,6-二氯酚)在各典型城市普遍出现超嗅阈值现象；就调查的城市而言,东北地区污染最为严重,其次为华北地区,中南和西部地区嗅味物质污染及超嗅阈值现象相对较轻. 

Characteristics of Odorous Halogenated Phenols in Tap Water of Typical Cities in China in Winter

The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the eight halogenated phenol odorous compounds found in tap water in 22 representative cities in China in winter were investigated by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) gas chromatography-mass spectrograph (GC/MS). The results showed that in winter, the eight kinds of odorous phenol compounds all generally existed in the tap water in the sampled cities. The average concentration of 4-chlorophenol (3526.24 ng/L) was the highest, while the concentrations of 2-chlorophenol and 2-bromophenol were relatively low among all the odorous compounds. The maximum exposure concentrations of all the odorous compounds studied were below 100 ng/L. Meanwhile, 2,6-dichlorophenol and 2,6-dibromophenol exceeded the odorous threshold concentration (OTC) in many typical cities in winter. Throughout the country, odorous problems in the northeastern part were the most serious, and the second was the northern area. The pollution of halogenated phenol odorous compounds was relatively light in the western and the south-central areas.