Mutagenicity assessment of contaminated soil in the vicinity of industrial area |
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Authors: | Reshma Anjum Abdul Malik |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, UP, India; |
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Abstract: | In the industrial area of Chinhat, Lucknow (India) wastewater coming from pesticide manufacturing and other industries is
used to irrigate the agricultural crops. This practice has been polluting the soil and pollutants might reach the food chain.
Gas chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of certain organochlorine pesticides in soil samples. Samples were extracted
using different solvents, i.e., hexane, acetonitrile, methanol, chloroform, and acetone (all were HPLC-grade, SRL, India).
Soil extracts were assayed for mutagenicity using Ames Salmonella/mammalian microsome test. Mutagenicity was observed in the test samples and TA98 was the most responsive strain for all the
soil extracts (irrigated with wastewater) in terms of mutagenic index in the presence (+S9) and absence (−S9) of metabolic
activation. In terms of slope (m) of linear dose–response curve for the most responsive strain TA98 exhibited highest sensitivity
against the soil extracts in the presence and absence of S9 fraction. Hexane-extracted soil sample (wastewater) exhibited
maximum mutagenicity in terms of net revertants per gram of soil in the presence and absence of S9 mix as compared to the
other soil extracts. Groundwater-irrigated soil extracts displayed low level of mutagenicity as compared to wastewater-irrigated
soil. The soil is accumulating a large number of pollutants due to wastewater irrigation and this practice of accumulation
has an adverse impact on soil health. |
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