Costs and carbon emissions for geopolymer pastes in comparison to ordinary portland cement |
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| Authors: | Benjamin C McLellan Ross P Williams Janine Lay Arie van Riessen Glen D Corder |
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| Institution: | 1. The University of Queensland, Sustainable Minerals Institute, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia;2. Centre for Materials Research, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, WA 6845, Australia;1. BRE Centre for Innovative Construction Materials, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK;2. Sustainable Energy Research Team, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK;1. C-TAC, University of Minho, Portugal;2. Civil Engineering Department, University of Minho, Portugal;3. University of Sfax, Tunisia;1. Technology Delivery Group, Alcoa of Australia, PO Box 161, Kwinana, WA, 6966, Australia;2. Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan;3. Geopolymer Research Group, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia;4. Department of Civil Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia;1. School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia;2. School of Engineering, RMIT, Melbourne, Australia;1. School of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia;2. School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Geopolymer concrete is seen as a potential alternative to standard concrete, and an opportunity to convert a variety of waste streams into useful by-products. One key driver in geopolymer development is the desire to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the production of concrete products. This paper presents an examination of the lifecycle cost and carbon impacts of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and geopolymers in an Australian context, with an identification of some key challenges for geopolymer development. The results of the examination show that there is wide variation in the calculated financial and environmental “cost” of geopolymers, which can be beneficial or detrimental depending on the source location, the energy source and the mode of transport. Some case study geopolymer concrete mixes based on typical Australian feedstocks indicate potential for a 44–64% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions while the financial costs are 7% lower to 39% higher compared with OPC. |
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