Ecological parameters and disinfection effect of low-temperature laundering in hospitals in Slovenia |
| |
| Authors: | Brigita Altenbaher Sonja Šostar Turk Sabina Fijan |
| |
| Institution: | 1. University of Maribor, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Engineering Materials and Design, Maribor, Slovenia;2. University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, ?itna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;1. INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR454 Unité de Microbiologie, Centre de Recherche de Clermont-Ferrand-Theix, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France;2. Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA;3. Clermont Université, Université d’Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, JE 2526 Evolution des bactéries pathogènes et susceptibilité génétique de l’hôte, Clermont-Ferrand, France;4. Université de Montréal, Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, GREMIP, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 7C6, Canada;1. School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9TJ, United Kingdom;2. Science Policy Research Unit, University of Sussex, Sussex House, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9RH, United Kingdom;1. Emerging Viral Pathogens Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;2. Center for Infectious Disease Imaging, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;3. Integrated Research Facility, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;4. Office of the Scientific Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA |
| |
| Abstract: | The aim of this research was to determine the influence of laundering procedures on the ecological parameters of wastewater and the electric energy consumption. Laundering procedures were simulated in a laboratory washing machine and the parameters temperature, duration and concentration of disinfection agents were varied until the optimal conditions were found for low-temperature laundering while achieving an appropriate disinfection effect with peroxyacetic acid and minimal damages to the textiles. The disinfection effect was determined using standard bioindicators Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes and Candida albicans. The optimal low-temperature laundering procedure at 40 °C was then evaluated according to the Slovenian regulations for wastewater reuse and the toxicity of the wastewater on activated sludge as well as the wastewater biodegradability were determined. It was found that an optimal low-temperature laundering procedure at 40 °C decreased the energy consumption while reaching an adequate disinfection effect with somewhat higher dosages of chemicals and with lower damages to the textiles due to lower washing temperatures. The wastewater was found to have a certain level of pollution and was biodegradable and can therefore be treated using biological treatment. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
