数理模型在流域水环境评估中的应用综述

水资源的开发与保护日益受到国内外广泛的重视,把传统的力学,数学及计算机领域的最新科技成果引入到本领域来进行学科交叉,是水资源开发与保护工作者的职业义务。首先介绍了环境流体力学的研究内容与研究方法,而后对湍流流体力学的发展进行了回顾,并从普通的湍流流体力学出发,结合河流流体力学及环境流体力学,概括地阐述了河流流体力学及环境流体力学的特征,研究中应解决的主要问题及其在长江流域水环境评估中的应用现状。而后,介绍了目前环境流体力学中运用较广的几种方法及较复杂边界的处理方法。最后,介绍了几种目前在水环境评估领域运用较多的近区模拟模型与远区模拟模型和近场,远场区分所带来的问题。

APPLICATION OF MODELS IN THE EVALUATION OF BASIN WATER QUALITY

The exploitation and protection of water resources has attracted world-wide attention,and the knowledge of different disciplines is required for evaluating water resources.The attention has been paid to the exploitation and protection of water resource. As the result of intercross between fluid hydrodynamics and water environment protection, the environment hydrodynamics was introduced firstly. The development of turbulence theories is reviewed. Especially, the characters, problem and application of the river hydrodynamics and environment hydrodynamics are introduced. Then, some numerical models and grid generation skills are introduced. At the end, the model application in water quality evaluation is summarized with the stress on several far-field models and near-field model and some unresolved problem.