川西北民族地区保护区建设与生态移民问题研究

四川省西北部地区是以藏羌民族集居为主的民族地区，也是四川省的生态资源中心。区域内自然保护区数量多、密度大，民族文化浓郁，经济发展落后，居民城市化率低。由于早期建立保护区指导思想的制约，现已建立的多数保护区的规划缺乏系统科学性，依然存在来自区域内部居民和外部经济活动对其的破坏。研究认为，要实现为区域社会经济可持续发展创造条件的保护区设立终极目的，必须对现有的保护区管理系统实施调整与完善，建立具有政府管理职能的资源保护特区，选择以城镇化为主要方式的保护区内就近生态移民，构建科学的自然保护区层次，形成政府（资源保护特区）与民族居民的资源保护利益共同体。

NATURAL RESERVE CONSTRUCTION AND ECOLOGICAL MIGRATION IN AREA OF SICHUAN NORTHWEST MINORITIES

Northwest Sichuan is an area with minorities,mostly Zhang and Qang folks,being the ecological resource center in Sichuan Province.Its geography or landform is complex,with several national nature reserve areas;the population density is high,and the civilization of minority is dense.However,the economic development is far below the general level.Due to the constraints of initial ideas for the setting-up of nature reserves,there is a lack of scientific system background for these reserves as external economical activities and residential people's activities have caused some damage to the reserves. In order to achieve the sustainable development in the surrounding societies and the protection of natural reserve,the management systems should be adjusted and authorities of these natural reserves should have managing functions similar to the government.The people living in these reserves should be emigrated to new towns built specially for them.Thus,a rational and scientific community can be built for the local people and for the protection of natural reserves.