Dry deposition and foliar leaching of mercury and selected trace elements in deciduous forest throughfall |
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| Institution: | 1. Innovation Center of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia,;2. Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia,;3. Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Viseslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia;4. University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia;1. Environmental Resource Studies Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, K9J 7B8, Canada;2. Centre for Hydrology, Geography and Planning, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5C8, Canada;3. Research Plant Pathologist, Ecosystem Function and Health Program, USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Riverside, CA 92507, United States;1. Department of Earth Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA;2. Environmental Studies Program, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA;3. Geology Department, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA;1. Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;2. Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy;3. Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada;4. Département de Géographie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada |
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| Abstract: | The estimated annual throughfall deposition flux of Hg in a northern mixed-hardwood forest in the Lake Huron Watershed was 10.5±1.0 μg m?2 compared to an annual precipitation Hg flux of 8.7±0.5 μg m?2 (June 1996–June 1997). The source of this additional Hg in throughfall is often attributed to wash-off of dry deposition, but foliar leaching of Hg may also be important. To determine the influence of both dry deposition and foliar leaching of Hg and other elements in throughfall, we measured a suite of trace elements (Hg, Al, Mg, V, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Cd, Ba, La, Ce, and Pb) in throughfall, precipitation, and ambient air samples from a northern mixed-hardwood forest. Based on a multiple linear regression model, dry deposition had the most important influence on Hg, Al, La, Ce, V, As, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb fluxes while foliar leaching strongly influenced Mg, Mn, Rb, Sr, and Ba fluxes in net throughfall. The Hg dry deposition flux was estimated using gaseous and aerosol Hg measurements and modeled deposition velocities. The calculated dry deposition flux (～12–14 μg m?2) of Hg to the canopy indicated that atmospheric deposition of Hg could easily account for all of the Hg deposited in net throughfall (1.9±0.1 μg m?2). Although there is a large uncertainty associated with these techniques, the modeling estimates indicate that atmospheric Hg may account for all of the Hg deposited in litterfall (11.4±2.8 μg m?2). |
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