Transport patterns and potential sources of total gaseous mercury measured in Canadian high Arctic in 1995 |
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| Institution: | 1. National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR), India, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India;2. Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT 06340, United States;1. ISYMA Research Group, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain;2. Department of Mathematics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, Via E. Weiss 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy;3. CoN.I.S.Ma. Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy;4. Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy;5. ARPA FVG Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione Ambientale del Friuli Venezia Giulia, Via Cairoli 14, Palmanova, Udine 33057, Italy;1. Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Calz. Joel Montes Camarena s/n, Col. Playa Sur, 82040 Mazatlán, Mexico;2. Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico;3. Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico;4. University of South Florida, College of Marine Science, 140 7th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, United States of America;5. Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estación el Carmen, Campeche, Mexico;1. Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA;2. Geosciences Environnement Toulouse, CNRS/OMP/Université de Toulouse, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France;3. Environmental Geosciences, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 30, 4056 Basel, Switzerland;4. Department of Environmental, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA |
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| Abstract: | Trajectory cluster analysis and the potential source contribution function (PSCF) model have been used to investigate the source–receptor relationship for the total gaseous mercury (TGM) measured in the Canadian High Arctic (Alert, 82.5°N, 62.3°W) during 1995. Cluster analysis of 10-day back-trajectories in 1995 shows that the synoptic flows arriving at Alert are dominated by the air masses from the north. Long-range transport only occurs in the cold seasons while summertime flows tend to circulate in the Arctic Ocean. The potential source regions identified by the PSCF modeling include Eurasia and populated areas in the North America and Europe. Based on the modeling results, it is suggested that the elevated TGM concentrations found in the Arctic summer should be of geological origins, mainly from the evasion of volatile Hg0 from earth's surfaces. In the autumn and winter, mercury is transported to the receptor site from remote anthropogenic sources. The preferred sources of TGM in the spring cannot be clearly determined due to the Arctic springtime mercury depletion, which significantly reduces the number of trajectories contributing to PSCF values. Using TGM data of higher temporal resolution improves the sensitivity of the PSCF modeling results. |
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