Model simulations of the atmospheric trace metals concentrations and depositions over the Baltic Sea |
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| Institution: | 1. Finnish Meteorological Institute, Vuorikatu 19, Helsinki 00100, Finland;2. GKSS Research Centre, Geesthacht, Germany;3. Meteorological Institute, University of Hamburg, Bundesstr. 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany;4. Baltic Sea Research Institute, Warnemunde, Germany;1. Institute of Earth Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel;2. Geological Survey of Israel, 32 Yeshayahu Leibowitz St., Jerusalem 9692100, Israel;3. Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel;1. Department of Geosciences and Natural Resources Management, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;2. Department of Hydrology, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Denmark;3. Department of Geography, University of Bonn, Germany;4. Agrosphere Institute, IBG-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany;5. Centre for High-Performance Scientific Computing in Terrestrial Systems, HPSC TerrSys, Geoverbund ABC/J, Germany;1. State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China;2. Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China;1. Weierstrass Institute, Mohrenstrasse 39, 10117 Berlin, Germany;2. Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom;3. Institut für Mathematik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany;1. School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519082, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100101, China;3. Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China;4. School of Physics and Electronic-electrical Engineering, Ningxia University, 750021, China |
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| Abstract: | The results of application of two nested Eulerian atmospheric transport models for investigation of airborne heavy metal pollution are presented. The distribution and deposition over Europe and Baltic Sea region were simulated for Pb, Cd and Zn for 2 two-months periods: June–July 1997 and February–March 1998. The European-wide calculations were made with the ADOM model from the GKSS Research Centre, and the Baltic regional calculations were made with the HILATAR model from the Finnish Meteorological Institute. The one-way 3-D nesting was used: hourly concentrations from the ADOM model were used by the HILATAR as vertically resolved boundary conditions. Input data for both models were taken from the weather forecast model HIRLAM and UBA/TNO emission inventory. This allows interpreting of some diversity in the calculation results in terms of different internal parameterization and spatial resolution of the models. Simulation results were compared with high-resolution atmospheric measurements carried out at four stations in the southern part of the Baltic Sea for the same period. Manifesting quite good agreement with observations, the models missed several high deposition events of Cd observed at coastal station Hel. Study of this phenomenon enabled to build a 2-D probability function for potential location of the unknown Cd source. |
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