Factors controlling natural VOC emissions in a southeastern US pine forest |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan;3. Department of Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029, South Korea;4. ACEN Co., Ltd, Yeongtong-Gu Dukyong Dearo 1556-16, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 16670, South Korea;5. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea;1. Plant Biochemistry Laboratory and VILLUM Research Center for Plant Plasticity, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;2. Terrestrial Ecology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen E, Denmark;3. School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia;1. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA;2. College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK;3. Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;4. Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;5. EOS Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK;6. Environmental Science and Studies, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA;7. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, NY 14627, USA;8. Institute of Atmospheric and Cryospheric Sciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria;9. Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA;10. Department of Forestry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, China;2. School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, China;3. National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China;4. Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA) - Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Via Valle della Quistione 27, 00166, Rome, Italy;5. Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;1. Department of Infrastructure Engineering, Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia;2. Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Medical Science Building 1, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia;3. School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia;4. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Land & Water, Bayview Ave, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia;5. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Oceans and Atmosphere, Climate Science Centre, Aspendale, VIC 3195, Australia;6. College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;7. Climate, Atmospheric Sciences, and Physical Oceanography, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA |
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| Abstract: | A one-year field study was conducted to investigate the control factors of the monoterpene emissions from slash and loblolly pine saplings at the Austin Cary Forest site in Florida. The α-pinene, camphene, β-pinene, myrcene, d-limonene, and β-phellandrene were identified in the emission samples collected from native pine trees. The α-pinene was the principal (>60%) monoterpene emitted by both slash and loblolly pine saplings. Terpene emission rates in spring were the highest and most volatile for slash pine trees, possibly due to the influences of bud formation and elongation. Loblolly pine emissions, under a similar environmental temperature range, revealed different seasonal patterns of emissions when compared to those for slash pines. Emission rates of monoterpenes from slash and loblolly pine trees were found to depend on temperature, season's change (e.g., bud emissions), tree age, needle surface wetness, and rough handling. It is suggested that the emission control factors besides the environmental temperature should also be taken into account in assessing regional biogenic emissions for compling a worldwide hydrocarbon emission inventory. It is also found that monoterpene emission rates could easily change over a long period of time (e.g., years), and so it is desirable to analyze the emission data based on the short term (e.g., season, month) for reasonable temperature-emission algorithm. |
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