Phytotoxicity assessment of phenanthrene and pyrene in soil using two barley genotypes |
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| Authors: | Muhammad Imran Khan Sardar Alam Cheema Imran Hassan Yingxu Chen |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China;2. Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan;5. Department of Horticulture, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan |
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| Abstract: | This study investigated the toxicity extent of phenanthrene and pyrene to two cultivars (CM-72 and Gairdner) of barley (Hordeum vulgare). Germination of barley seeds was evaluated in 69-d aged soil, separately spiked with phenanthrene at extractable concentrations of 0.95, 6.3, 59, and 300 mg kg?1 (dry soil) and pyrene at 1.0, 9.0, 73, and 400 mg kg?1 (dry soil). Although germination was not inhibited, significant (P < 0.05) reduction in root and shoot length occurred at concentrations of phenanthrene ≥6.3 mg kg?1 and pyrene ≥9.0 mg kg?1 after both 72 and 240 h. Fresh and dry biomass of both cultivars reduced with increasing concentrations of both polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Barley cultivar CM-72 was more sensitive than Gairdner, and it can be considered suitable for toxicity assessment of PAH-contaminated soils. |
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| Keywords: | Hordeum vulgare PAHs plant bioassays phytoremediation toxicity LOAEC |
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