Antifungal activity of volatile metabolites emitted by mycelial cultures of saprophytic fungi |
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Authors: | Heidi Schalchli Emilio Hormazabal Jose Becerra Michael Birkett Marysol Alvear Jorge Vidal |
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Institution: | 1. Center of Chemical Ecology of Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile;2. Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Botánica , Universidad de Concepción , Concepción , Chile;3. Biological Chemistry Department , Rothamsted Research , Harpenden , UK;4. Laboratorio de Biología y Bioquímica de Suelos, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile |
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Abstract: | The antifungal activity of molecular identified Chilean saprobiontic fungi, Trichoderma viride, Schizophyllum commune and Trametes versicolor, on the fungal plant pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum, and the saprotrophic mould Mucor miehei was investigated using two types of inhibition bioassay: (1) bi-compartmented Petri dishes and (2) two Erlenmeyer flasks connected by their upper parts. The chemical composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by saprobiontic fungi was also investigated using headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Of the saprobiontic fungi evaluated, one isolate of S. commune showed the highest inhibitory activity against B. cinerea and M. miehei, 86.0±5.4 and 99.5±0.5% respectively. The volatile profiles of fungal isolates were shown to contain a different class of compounds. The major components in the headspace of mycelial cultures were 6-pentyl-α -pyrone (T. viride), ethanol and β -bisabolol (S. commune), and a sesquiterpene alcohol (Tr. versicolor). This is the first study reported on the release of VOCs by Chilean native fungi and their antifungal activity wrt. plant pathogenic fungi. |
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Keywords: | biological activity VOCs saprophytic fungi phytopathogenic fungi SPME |
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