浑河-大辽河水系水体与沉积物中典型全氟化合物的污染水平及生态风险评价

采用超高效液相色谱串联质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)分析了水体和沉积物中全氟化合物(PFCs)浓度水平,结果表明,浑河-大辽河的干流水中,PFCs总浓度范围为1.80~13.0 ng·L-1,其中,PFHx A、PFHp A、PFOA、PFOS和PFDA是主要污染物;沈阳细河中PFCs的总浓度为27.0~50.0 ng·L-1,其主要污染物为PFPA、PFOA、PFOS和PFDA.在浑河-大辽河沉积物中,PFHx A是唯一的检出物,其含量为0.130~0.490 ng·g-1干重;除了PFHx A,PFOS也是细河中的主要污染物,其浓度水平分别为0.070~0.220 ng·g-1和0.180~0.830 ng·g-1干重.采用实测的水和沉积物中PFOA和PFOS的暴露浓度以及预测的无效应浓度(PNEC),运用商值法对浑河-大辽河干流及沈阳细河水体和沉积物中PFOA和PFOS的生态风险进行评价.结果表明水体和沉积物中PFOA和PFOS的浓度均未达到对生态环境具有风险的水平.

Pollution levels and ecological risk assessment of typical perfluorinated compounds in riverine water and sediments of Hun River and Daliao River Watershed

The concentrations of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in water and sediment samples were determined using the validated ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS / MS) method. The results show that the total concentrations of PFCs ranged from 1.80 to 13.0 ng·L^-1 in water samples of Hun River (HR) and Daliao River (DLR), where PFHxA, PFHpA, PFOA, PFOS and PFDA were the major pollutants; the total concentration of PFCs was 27.0~50.0 ng·L^-1 in water samples of Xi River (XR) with PFPA, PFOA, PFOS and PFDA as dominant pollutants. PFHxA was the only detected PFCs in the sediment of HR and DLR with concentrations between 0.130 and 0.490 ng·g^-1 dry weight. Apart from PFHxA with a concentration range of 0.070~0.220 ng·g^-1, PFOS was also detected in the sediments of XR, with a concentration of 0.180~0.830 ng·g^-1 dry weight. In addition, the risk quotient method was used for the ecological risk assessment of PFOA and PFOS in water and sediment based on the measured concentration of PFOA and PFOS in environment and the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC). The assessment results suggest that PFOA and PFOS in water and sediment of HR, DLR and XR had no ecological risk to environment.