室外空气污染对室内空气质量的影响研究

利用数值模拟方法，研究了单个建筑物外存在点污染源时室外空气污染对室内空气质量的影响.首先利用点污染源时单个建筑物周围污染物扩散的风洞实验验证了计算模型和方法的正确性，再利用自然通风的风洞实验，计算了不同污染源位置和建筑物进风口时的室内外速度场和污染物浓度场.结果表明:速度场的计算结果与风洞实验结果基本吻合，无量纲通风量的计算值略小于实验值；建筑物迎风面回流区上方的气流进入室内；当点污染源位于建筑物前的距离和建筑物高度之比约等于1时，污染源在地面处的室内污染物浓度要小于源在建筑物高度一半处的；建筑物进风口的挡风板对室内污染物浓度的影响不大；根据壁面上污染物浓度的分布来改变进风口位置，是减少室内空气受室外污染影响的有效方法. 

Study of Outdoor Air Pollution Impact on the Indoor Air Quality

The impact of outdoor air pollution on the indoor air quality by the way of numerical simulation was studied. Firstly the simulation models and methods were proved by using the wind tunnel test of point source air pollution diffusion around an isolated building, and then the outdoor and indoor concentration fields were simulated with different source positions and inlet conditions, whosevelocity fields were verified well by the wind tunnel test for the natural ventilation. The results showed that dimensionless ventilation rates were a little smaller than the test and the building inlet flows were from the upper zone of the backflow in front of the building. The indoor concentration was lower with thesource on the ground than the source as high as one half of the building height. The windbreak panel had little effect on decreasing the indoor concentration, while adopting the low concentration inlet was more effective for the different pollution distribution on the building walls.