基于车站设施服务水平累积时间的地铁换乘车站风险分析*

为研究地铁换乘车站风险，制定客流组织方案，基于Fruin设施服务水平划分标准，提出通过比较各级服务水平累积时间，对地铁换乘车站风险进行分析。以北京地铁1，5号线换乘站-东单站为研究对象，对单向换乘及双向换乘2种方案下，早高峰1 h的客流疏运过程进行模拟。研究结果表明:采用双向换乘方案时，客流平均密度高峰值对应区域发生变化，站台北端上行扶梯入口的E，F服务水平累积时间共增加68.5倍，站厅北端楼扶梯附近E，F服务水平累积时间共增加4.9倍，成为新的客流风险点，早高峰期间在该区域应加强客流疏导。

Risk analysis of metro transfer station based on cumulative time of station facility service level

In order to study the risk of metro transfer station and formulate the organization scheme of passenger flow,based on the Fruin division standard base of facility service level,it was proposed to analyze the risk of metro transfer station by comparing the cumulative time of service level at all levels.Taking Dongdan station,the transfer station of Beijing Metro Line 1 and Line 5 as the research object,the passenger flow transportation process of one-way transfer and two-way transfer in one hour of the morning rush hour was simulated.The results showed that when adopting the two-way transfer scheme,the area corresponding to the peak average density of passenger flow changed.The cumulative time of E and F service levels at the entrance of upward escalator at the north end of platform increased by 68.5 times totally,meanwhile the cumulative time of E and F service levels at the area near the staircase and escalator at the north end of station hall increased by 4.9 times totally,which become a new passenger flow risk point.During the morning rush hour,the passenger flow dispersion should be strengthened in this area.