黄河三角洲贝类增养殖区海水中16种除草剂污染特征及评价

本文以黄河三角洲贝类增养殖区为研究对象，选取3个典型区域，采用气相色谱-质谱法分析16种除草剂在海水中的污染状况和分布特征。结果表明，黄河三角洲贝类增养殖区海水中检出阿特拉津等10种除草剂，其中阿特拉津、扑草净、西草净、莠灭净、扑灭津和异丙甲草胺6种除草剂的检出率和平均检出浓度均较高；同区域7月海水中16种除草剂平均检出浓度的总量低于4月和10月；L区域16种除草剂平均检出浓度的总量低于H、K区域；聚类分析发现，扑草净、西草净和莠灭净的分布特征相似，异丙甲草胺与上述3种除草剂的分布特征不同，阿特拉津和扑灭津的分布特征不明显；生态风险分析发现，10月贝类增养殖区海水样品中阿特拉津、异丙甲草胺浓度存在中度风险，4月、7月和10月扑草净浓度存在中度生态风险。

Pollution characteristics and evaluation of 16 herbicides in seawater of shellfish culture area in Yellow River Delta

The contamination status and distribution characteristics of 16 herbicides in the seawater of shellfish culture areas of the Yellow River Delta were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in three typical areas. The results showed that 10 herbicides were detected in the seawater of the shellfish culture area in the Yellow River Delta, among which 6 herbicides, including atrazine, prometryn, simetryn, ametryn, propazine and metolachlor , were found to have higher detection rates and average detection concentrations. The total average concentrations of 16 herbicides in the seawater of the shellfish culture area in July were lower than those in April and October in the same region. The average total concentration of 16 herbicides detected in the seawater of shellfish culture area in L region was lower than that in H and K region. The clustering analysis indicated that similar distribution characteristics were found among prometryn, simetryn and ametryn, but different for metolachlor. The distribution characteristics of atrazine and pendimethalin were not significant. Ecological risk analysis found moderate ecological risk for atrazine and metolachlor in seawater samples from shellfish culture areas in October, and for prometryn in April, July and October.