施工安全标识位置特征驱动的自动化注意行为研究*

为改善施工安全标识警示效果，减少盲视发生，探究不同位置特征下施工安全标识引发的自动化注意行为，采用改进的注意捕获试验范式，使用E-prime 2.0平台记录当事人的反应时长和判断正误，通过注意捕获量和判断正确率度量自动化注意效果，并进一步构建施工安全标识自动化注意加工模型，剖析自动化注意加工过程及机理。研究结果表明:初次视认发生时，安全标识引发的自动化注意受位置因素影响，具有正中最优、正方向加强、右侧抑制等特点；对标识的自动化注意由启动和加工2个环节构成，与共同作用于视觉通道的控制加工串行发生，在启动阶段受位置特征提供的有效刺激强度影响，在加工阶段消耗较少认知资源。

Study on automatic attention behavior driven by location characteristics of construction safety signs

In order to improve the warning effect and reduce the blindness of construction safety signs,the automatic attention behavior caused by the construction safety signs under different location characteristics was investigated．The improved attention capture experimental paradigm was adopted,and the reaction time and judgment correct errors of the parties were recorded with E-Prime 2.0 platform.The effect of automatic attention was measured by the size of attention capture and the correct rate of judgment.Furthermore,the automatic attention processing model of construction safety signs was constructed,and the automatic attention processing process and mechanism were analyzed.The results showed when the initial visual recognition occurred,the automatic attention caused by the safety sign was affected by the location factor,which had the characteristics of center optimality,positive direction enhancement and right-side suppression.The automatic attention of sign was composed of two links: start-up and processing,which occurred successively with the control processing that acted on the visual channel.In the start-up stage,it was affected by the effective stimulus intensity provided by the location feature,and consumed less cognitive resources in the processing stage.