极端温度下帐篷内部热环境适应性实验及模拟研究*

为揭示民用救灾帐篷热环境适应性变化规律，通过大尺度环境气候舱构建高温与低温环境，采用Ansys Fluent商用软件代码进行仿真验证，并对帐篷蓬围结构和内部热环境分布变化规律进行实验与数值模拟。研究结果表明:使用大尺度环境舱直接进行模拟帐篷内外热环境变化可行，其内部热环境变化规律与实验基本一致；帐篷特殊的篷围结构导致高温环境下帐篷内部温度高于外界，帐内人员头部和脚部温差可达5 ℃，低温环境下帐篷同一高度横向区域温度对称分布，在中心区域温度较低，边缘和中心温差近8 ℃。

Experiment and simulation study on internal thermal environment adaptability of tents under extreme temperature

To reveal the change laws of the thermal environment adaptability of civil disaster relief tents,the high temperature and low temperature environments were constructed through a large-scale environmental climate chamber,then the simulation verification was conducted by using the Ansys Fluent commercial software code,and the experimental and numerical simulation on the change in the thermal environment distribution of tent enclosure structure and interior.The results showed that it was feasible to use the large-scale environmental chamber to directly simulate the thermal environment change inside and outside the tent,and the internal thermal environment change law was basically consistent with the experiments.The special enclosure structure of the tent caused the internal temperature of tent to be higher than the external temperature in the high temperature environment,and the temperature difference between the head and feet of personnel in tent could reach 5 ℃.The temperature of the tent was symmetrically distributed in the lateral area at the same height in the low temperature environment,with lower temperature in the central area,and the temperature difference between the edge and the center was nearly 8 ℃.