F-RNA噬菌体及其作为水中肠道病毒指示物的研究进展

城市污水的再生利用是缓解水资源紧张、减少水污染和改善生态环境的有效途径。污水及其回用水中的肠道病毒对人体健康的风险日益受到关注。直接检测水中肠道病毒的操作复杂、安全性差、时间长、需要专门的技术和设备，因此需要寻找合适的指示生物，以实现对水中肠道病毒的及时检测和风险评价。F-RNA噬菌体是通过性菌毛感染雄性大肠杆菌的一类RNA细菌病毒，在污水中普遍存在，在大小、形态结构及对环境条件和水处理过程的抗性与肠道病毒相似，被认为是水中肠道病毒的合适的指示生物。文章介绍了F-RNA噬菌体在环境及污水中的分布、存活和去除特性、检测方法及作为水中肠道病毒指示生物的研究进展。

Review of F-specific RNA bacteriophages as enteroviruses indicators in water

Water reuse is an efficient way to solve water shortage and pollution and improve ecological environment, Enterovlruses in wastewater and regenerated wastewater get more attention because of the public health problems. It is necessary to found suitable enteroviruses indicators for routine detection of enteroviruses and health risk assessment for wastewater and regenerated wastewater because the detection of enteroviruses are time consuming, expensive and need special equipment and technique. F-specific RNA bacteriophages are bacteriophages containing single-stranded RNA as the genome and infectious for male bacteria, F-specific RNA bacteriophages were proposed as indicators of enteroviruses for that F-specific RNA bacteriophages have similar characters in size,shape, components with human enteroviruses and similar resistance to environment and water treatment processes. The distributions,survival characters, detection methods, disinfect character and the applications of F-specific RNA bacteriophages as enteroviruses in water treatment were surveyed in this review.