昌黎七里海潟湖及不同年限围垦区表层沉积物磷赋存形态及分布特征

本文以七里海潟湖湿地围垦区及潟湖内部为研究区域，以空间代换时间，结合现场勘查及遥感解译将养殖围垦区分为养殖32年和养殖19年，分析了不同年限潟湖围垦区及潟湖内部沉积物磷的赋存形态和空间分布特征，并对其生态风险进行评估。结果表明:研究区总磷（TP, total phosphorus）含量范围为255.59×10?6～474.90×10?6，无机磷（IP, inorganic phosphorus）为210.90×10?6～428.92×10?6，有机磷（OP, organic phosphorus）为10.78×10?6～56.06 ×10?6，铁铝结合态磷（Fe/Al-P, iron-aluminum-bound phosphorus）为19.89×10?6～86.22 ×10?6，钙结合态磷（Ca-P, calcium-bound phosphorus）为140.03×10?6～276.55 ×10?6。TP、IP和Ca-P存在相似的空间分布特征，均表现为潟湖中心>围垦区西北部>潟湖东北沿岸养殖区。总体来看，潟湖中心沉积物各形态磷含量普遍高于围垦区，而七里海潟湖湿地经围垦养殖后，随着养殖年限的增加，各形态磷含量均存在不同程度的增加。从单因子指数评价结果来看，随着围垦养殖年限的增加，磷的释放风险增加，其中，潟湖中心磷释放风险较大。

The chemical speciation and distribution of phosphorus in sediments of Qilihai lagoon and reclamation area of different years in Changli

In this study, the Qilihai lagoon wetland reclamation area with the interior of the lagoon was selected as the research area.The reclamation area was divided into reclaimed for 32 years and 19 years, applying "space substitute for time", and combining on-site surveys and remote sensing interpretation. The spatial distribution characteristics of phosphorus occurring forms in the reclamation area and lagoon of different years was analyzed, and their ecological risks were evaluated. The results showed that the total phosphorus (TP) contents of sediment in the research area ranged from 255.59×10?6～74.90×10?6, inorganic phosphorus (IP) contents ranged from 210.90×10?6～428.92×10?6, organic phosphorus (OP) contents ranged from 10.78×10?6～56.06 ×10?6, iron-aluminum-bound phosphorus (Fe/Al-P) contents ranged from 19.89×10?6～86.22×10?6, and calcium-bound phosphorus (Ca-P) contents ranged from 140.03×10?6～276.55×10?6. TP, IP and Ca-P have similar spatial distribution characteristics, as shown the center of the lagoon> northwest of the reclamation area> northeast lagoon breeding area. Overall, the contents of phosphorus forms in the sediments of the lagoon center is generally higher than that in the reclamation area. After reclamation in wetlands, with the increase of breeding years, the content of various P forms increased to varying degrees. According to the characteristics of the single factor index data, the risk of phosphorus release increases with the increase of the reclamation period, and the risk of phosphorus release in the center of the lagoon is greater.