膜曝气生物膜反应器运行单级自养脱氮工艺功能型菌群特性研究

基于16S rDNA基因的分子生物学方法，对运行单级自养脱氮工艺的膜曝气生物膜反应器（membrane-aerated biofilm bioreactor, MABR)内的2个主要效应菌群(氨氧化菌和厌氧氨氧化菌)之间的协同作用关系和在生物膜上可能的空间分布进行研究.荧光原位杂交结果显示,试验的曝气生物膜主要存在2个明显的功能层，一个是靠近曝气膜和生物膜交界的氨氧化菌聚集层，另一个是靠近生物膜与水体交界的厌氧氨氧化菌聚集层.氨氧化菌和厌氧氨氧化菌群为曝气生物膜上的2个主要功能菌群，它们之间的合作共生和协同作用是膜曝气生物膜实现单级自养脱氮的基础.

Functional Microbial Community in a Membrane-Aerated Biofilm Reactor Operated for Completely Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal

The 16S rDNA-based molecular technique was applied to investigate the functional microbial community of a membrane-aerated biofilm bioreactor(MABR) that was used for completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON). The relationships among two kinds of key bacteria responsible for CANON: aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ANAMMOX bacteria, and their possible distributions in the MAB were discussed based on the microbial community analysis. FISH analysis showed the existence of two visible active layers in experimental MAB. One was the partial nitrifying layer located in the region of oxygen-rich membrane-biofilm interface, dominated by NSO190-positive AOB. The other was the ANAMMOX active layer located in the region of anoxic liquid-biofilm interface, dominated by PLA46 and AMX820-positive ANAMMOX microorganisms. As a result, the AOB as well as ANAMMOX bacteria were present and active in experimental MABR, and the cooperation between AOB and ANAMMOX bacteria was considered to be responsible for CANON.