保护生态系统亟需对农药进行注册后监测

现行的农药准入政策遵循一种可控的实验性分级风险评估方法，结果很难外推到实际情况。对DDT和烟碱类杀虫剂等化合物的分析清楚地表明，化学品对生态系统的实际影响比风险评估的预计更大。因此，为了管理由人工合成的化合物对生态系统造成的实际风险，提出了目前的化学药品准入政策，并通过注册后监测来补充。这种监测对于识别化合物通过多种传播途径和暴露方式对生物体产生的直接和间接影响是至关重要的。实施注册后监测可以建立在现有的监测网络上。这一方法将解决基于区域型法规与基于暴露型法规的现行政策僵局，更重要的是，将为跨部门间的风险评估提供一个安全锁，更有可能确保我们的自然环境得到保护。
精选自Vijver, M. G., Hunting, E. R., Nederstigt, T. A.P., Tamis, W. L.M., van den Brink, P. J. and van Bodegom, P. M. (2017), Postregistration monitoring of pesticides is urgently required to protect ecosystems. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 36: 860–865. doi: 10.1002/etc.3721
详情请见http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/etc.3721/full

Post-registration Monitoring of Pesticides is Urgently Required to Protect Ecosystems

Current admission policies for pesticides follow a controlled experimental tiered risk assessment approach, giving results that are difficult to extrapolate to a real-world situation. Later analyses of compounds such as DDT and neonicotinoid pesticides clearly show that the actual chemical impacts frequently affect many more components of an ecosystem than a priori suggested by risk assessment. Therefore, to manage the actual risks for ecosystems imposed by manufactured compounds, it is proposed that current admission policies for chemicals be enriched by using postregistration monitoring. Such monitoring is essential to identify unexpected direct and indirect impacts on organisms by accounting for multiple propagation routes and exposures. Implementation of postregistration monitoring could build on existing monitoring networks. This approach would tackle the current policy impasse of compartment-based regulations versus exposure-based regulations, and, more importantly, would provide a safety lock for risk assessment across compartments and more likely ensure the protection of our natural environment.
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