长江三角洲地区1980~2009年灰霾分布特征及影响因子

选取中国长江三角洲地区38个观测站1980~2009年的地面观测资料和2001~2009年国家环境保护总局公布的空气污染指数(API)数据,统计分析了长江三角洲地区近30年灰霾分布情况.计算了观测站点的消光系数并进行了两次订正,给出了其季均值和年均值分布情况,讨论了3个典型站(南京、杭州和合肥)的能见度与灰霾日数、干消光系数和API之间的关系.结果表明,近30年来,长江三角洲地区的灰霾日数整体呈增长趋势,有71%的站点灰霾日数的年平均增长率大于零.订正后的消光系数冬季高,夏季低.南京、杭州和合肥灰霾日数与干消光系数的增长趋势一致,在霾日,南京、杭州和合肥三地,能见度与API呈负相关,其相关性随相对湿度的增加而增强.

Haze variations over 1980-2009and connecting factors over the Yangtze River Delta Region

Based on the meteorological data from 38observation stations of year 1980~2009and the Chinese urban API (Air pollution Index) data of 2001~2009, the haze distributions over the Yangtze River Delta region for the period of 1980~2009 are characterized. The extinction coefficients for all observation sites were calculated with double correction.The corrected extinction coefficients varied seasonally from the peak in winter to the bottom in summer. Over the 30years, there was a significantly increasing trends in haze days. Horizontal visibility, haze days, dry coefficient and API of three urban stations of Nanjing, Hangzhou, Hefei were analyzed. visibility was negative correlated with API in the haze days, and the correlation coefficients gradually increased in higher relative humidity.