城市地表系统POPs多介质循环过程与模拟研究进展

城市地表系统(USS)是陆地表层系统的重要组成部分,而以不透水面覆盖为主要特征的城市土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)时空过程,打破了系统原有自然地理格局与过程,影响不同介质和界面间的物质循环与能量流动,改变POPs等污染物的循环过程与机理,是城市环境变化和人地相互作用的指示器与重要驱动力,是城市生态环境规划与管理保护的关键依据.本文总结了城市LUCC对POPs多介质分布迁移的影响,包括单介质中POPs的时空分布特征和POPs多介质迁移累积过程;从城市POPs多介质归趋模拟和基于GIS的城市多介质归趋模拟等方面,讨论了城市POPs多介质循环过程归趋模拟的主要进展;展望今后研究中需要重点解决的科学问题:基于不透水面的城市LUCC信息精确提取及与POPs排放输入等相关数据的同化集成; POPs多介质多界面迁移、转化过程与城市LUCC的耦合机理;城市LUCC背景下POPs循环过程、机制的关键模型参数的构建与获取;基于GIS和城市POPs循环过程与机理的、具有高时空分辨率的城市多介质归趋模型(UMFM)的构建与应用.

Research progress in multimedia cycle processes and simulation of POPs in urban surface system

The urban surface system is an integral part of the land surface system. And the spatio-temporal processes of urban LUCC (land use/cover change), mainly featured in covered with impervious surfaces, breaking the original physical geographic patterns and processes of the system, affecting material circulation and energy flow among different media or interfaces, and changing cycles and mechanisms of POPs, act as an indicator and an important driving force of changes in the urban environment and human-land interaction, as well as the key basis for planning and management of urban environmental protection. We begin with a comprehensive summary of effects on POPs’ distribution and migration of urban LUCC, involving spatio-temporal distribution of POPs in a single medium, migration and cumulative processes of POPs in multimedia. Secondly, the paper investigates the key progress in simulation of multimedia cycle processes and fate of urban POPs, including urban multimedia fate model and GIS-based urban multimedia fate model. Finally, the outlook for future research needs to focus on the following scientific problems: (i) technology of accurate retrieval of urban LUCC based on impervious surfaces and assimilation and integration of urban LUCC and POPs’ emission inventory, as well as other relevant data, (ii) coupling mechanism of migration and transformation processes of POPs in multimedia and multiple interfaces, (iii) establishment and derivation of key model parameters of processes and mechanisms of cycles of POPs in the context of urban LUCC, (iv) construction and application of urban multimedia fate model with high spatio-temporal resolution based on GIS and processes and mechanisms of cycles of POPs in urban areas.