血液透析相关性低血压发生的原因及护理措施

目的 分析血液透析相关性低血压（intradialytic hypotension IDH）发生的原因及发生时间,以采取针对性护理措施减少IDH的发生.方法 通过对南华大学附属第一医院血液中心2012年9月至2013年3月发生IDH的患者进行统计分析.结果 共发生IDH726例,其中容量相关性因素占77％,发生时间在3～4h之间的占67％.结论 容量相关性因素是IDH发生的最常见原因,应加强对患者的宣教,使其在透析间期严格控制体重的增长,包括控制水分、钠盐的摄入.IDH的发生时间以透析3h后最常见,提示在透析3h后应加强对患者的巡视和严密监测血压情况.图2,参4.

The Causes and Nursing Measures of Hemodialysis Related Hypotension

Objective analyzing the cause and the time of the occurrence of hemodialysis related to hypotension （intradialytie hypotension IDH） , and to take targeted nursing measures to reduce the occurrence of IDH. Methods through the statistical analysis of the occurrence of IDH patients from September 2012 to March 2013 in the blood center of the First Hospital Affiliated to Nanhua University. Results a total of IDH 726 cases occurrenced, in which the volume correlation factors accounted for 77% , the time of occurrence between 3 - 4 h accounted for 67%. Conclusion the volume correlation factors is the most common causes of IDH, we should strengthen the education to the patients, help them to strictly control their weight increasing during the dialysis treatments, including the control of water and salt in- take. The occurrence of IDH in dialysis is the most common after 3 h, suggesting that the inspection should be strengthened on the dialysis patients and close monitoring of blood pressure should be taken on patients after 3 h. 2figs. ,4refs.