PCR-SSCP技术用于脱臭微生物群落结构的研究

采用PCR-SSCP(单链构象多态性)技术对脱臭生物滤池中填料生物膜微生物群落结构进行了研究.生物滤池对臭气中的污染物随驯化时间逐渐增强,去除率从50%升高到89%.对2种填料树皮和秸秆上生物膜的分析结果表明,滤池内微生物多样性随运行时间先降后升,从1.6～1.9上升到2以上;而2种填料上微生物的相似性逐渐增加,表明随着驯化进程,生物填料上的微生物能够利用臭气污染物进行生长,并随运行时间逐渐趋于丰富和稳定;树皮比秸秆具有较高的生物多样性,平均值分别为2.2和2.0,说明树皮上容易附着多种微生物生长,电镜照片也显示2种填料生物膜的增长和生物多样性的提高.SSCP条带测序结果表明生物滤池生物膜优势微生物种属为芽孢杆菌属,占33.3%;条带中不可培养细菌占44.4%;填料生物膜上的细菌绝大多数是广泛存在于土壤、水体及生物体中的微生物,它们对环境适应能力强,在臭气的污染物去除中扮演重要角色.

Analysis of Microbial Community in a Deodorization Biofilter by PCR-SSCP Method

Microbial community of biofilm in a biofiltration was investigated using PCR-SSCP (single strand conformation polymorphism) technique in this paper.The results indicated the removal rate of odor pollutants improved with the acclimation,from 50% to 89%,and the microbial diversity of biofilter decreased at the first month and then increased (diversity index H from 1.6-1.9 to 2.0) while the similarity gradually increased during the operation time.Higher microbial diversity (H=2.2) in cortex indicated the microorganisms were easily attached to the media compared to the straw (H=2.0).Dominant bacteria were Bacillus found in the biofilm using SSCP method,and the rate is 33.3%.44.4% of the total bands represented the uncultured bacteria.These bacteria are widely existed in soil,water and nature environment,they have good acclimatization to environment and played important role in treating odors.The biofilm development was identified by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM),which suggested that the microbial community in biofilter could grow by utilizing pollutants and become rich and stable with running time.