信息整合在城市综合防灾减灾中的应用

城市防灾减灾信息化建设中,"信息孤岛"问题造成信息资源的浪费,严重影响了灾害管理的效率和效果。笔者提出信息整合的思路——以信息共享和满足个性化需求为整合目标,按照标准化、相关性、价值性、动态性的整合原则,打破区域、部门间的界限,从横向、纵向、防灾减灾全过程进行信息整合,形成一套较完善的信息整合体系。为进一步明确整合主体(人)及整合对象(防灾减灾信息)之间相互联系和作用的方式,还介绍信息整合的3种模式:对象关联模式、逻辑模式、综合模式。在实践中,可以根据资源、技术、需求等方面的具体情况,单独地或综合地利用该3种模式进行信息内容的整合。通过信息整合能提升防灾减灾信息利用的整体效能,有效地发挥信息资源在防灾减灾中的作用。

Application of Information Integration to City Comprehensive Disaster Prevention and Reduction

During the information construction of city disaster prevention and reduction, "Information-Isolated Island" can be found everywhere, which has caused the waste of information resources and seriously affected the efficiency and effectiveness of disaster management. For this reason, new idea of information integration is proposed, which takes information share and individual demands as the goals, and complies with the integration principle of standardization, relevance, value and dynamics. By breaking regional, inter-departmental boundaries and implementing information integration from horizontal, vertical, and the entire process of disaster prevention and reduction, a perfect information integrated system is created. To further explain the relationship and effect between the integration main bodies and the integration objects, three patterns of information integration are introduced, which respectively are object relevant pattern, logical pattern and comprehensive pattern. In practice, these three patterns can be used separately or comprehensively according to the different status of resource, technology and requirements. Through the information integration, the information resource can be put into full play and its overall application effectiveness can be greatly enhanced.