黄河上游沉积物中磷含量分布及其环境意义

本文采用欧洲标准测试委员会框架下发展的磷含量测定法（简称SMT法）和H2SO4-HClO4消化法对黄河上游段青海玛多、甘肃西固、宁夏中卫等六处的黄河表层沉积物中无机磷（IP）、有机磷（OP）及总磷（TP）含量进行了分析。实验结果表明：IP含量范围为288.66-742.27μg.g^-1,OP含量范围为17.53-83.18μg.g^-1TP含量范围是350.52-781.44μg.g^-1;无机磷含量变化规律并不明显,有机磷的含量从青海玛多至石嘴山大致呈现降低趋势,总磷中无机磷的含量占80%以上,因此总磷的变化趋势与无机磷的相似;从TP的测定结果可知H2SO4-HClO4消化法比STM法的测定值略大些,总磷提取的较为完全,但SMT法也可用于测黄河沉积物样的的分析,结果具有一定的可靠性。

THE PHOSPHORUS CONTENTS OF THE SURFACE SEDIMENTS FROM THE UPSTREAM OF THE YELLOW RIVER

The standard measurements and testing （SMT） harmonized procedure Of the European Commission and H2SO4 - HClO4 digesting method have been adopted to test the phosphorus concentration of the sediments from the Yellow River upstream from Maduo in Qinghai to Shizuishan in Ningxia, respectively. According to the experiment data, the inorganic phosphorus （IP）concentration range from 288.66 to 742.27 μg·g^-1, the organic phosphorus（OP） concentration is 17.53- 83.18 μg·g^-1, and the organic phosphorus concentration（TP） is 350.52-781.44 μg·g^-1. First, from M aduo to Shizuishan, the IP concentration changes differently, but the OP concentration has been decreased on the whole. Second, the IP content takes up a vast majority of the TP＇s, more than 80% on an average, thus the trend of TP and IP are similar. Finally, by comparing the results of the two methods used to test the TP concentrations, the conclusion that the date from H2SO4 - HClO4 digesting method is larger than that of SMT method, but the result from SMT is also reliable and can be used to the analysis of the phosphorus concentration of the sediments from the Yellow River can be drawled.