Use of significance thresholds to integrate cumulative effects into project-level socio-economic impact assessment in Canada |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Swift Creek Consulting, PO Box 1513, Garibaldi Highlands, BC, Canada, V0N 1T0;2. Tributary Project Services Ltd., 602 5th Avenue, Prince Rupert, BC, Canada, V8J 1S5;3. BC Environmental Assessment Office, PO Box 9426, STN PROV GOVT, Victoria, BC, Canada, V8W 9V1;4. Metlakatla Stewardship Society, PO Box 224, Prince Rupert, BC, Canada, V8J 3P6;5. Gitga''at Lands and Marine Resources, Gitga''at First Nation, 445 Hayimiisaxaa Way, Hartley Bay, BC, Canada, V0V 1A0;1. Département de science politique, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Lionel-Groulx, C. P. 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada;2. Département de science politique, Pavillon Charles-De Koninck, 1030, avenue des Sciences-Humaines, local 4433, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada;1. The University of Saskatchewan, Global Institute for Water Security, School of Environment and Sustainability, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada;2. The University of Saskatchewan, Toxicology Centre, School of Environment and Sustainability, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada;3. The University of Saskatchewan, School of Public Health, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada;4. Cardiff School of Geography and Planning and Sustainable Places Research Institute, Glamorgan Building, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Ave, Cardiff, CF10 3WA, Wales, UK;5. Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, Zuckerman Institute for Connective Environmental Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK;6. Department of Environment & Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories, Yellowknife, NT X1A 2L9, Canada;1. Escuela de Doctorado, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED, Draba Ingeniería y Consultoría Medioambiental, Cañada Nueva, 29, 28200 San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Spain;2. Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Química Técnica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED, Paseo Senda del Rey, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain;3. Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED, Paseo Senda del Rey, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain;1. University of Alberta, Department of Political Science, 10-16 Henry Marshall Tory Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H4, Canada;2. University of British Columbia, Faculty of Forestry, Forest Sciences Centre #2045, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada;1. IceBridge Research Institutea, Universiteit Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands;2. Universiteit Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | A longstanding critique of project-level environmental assessment is that it is weak at addressing cumulative effects, and because of this many argue that cumulative effects are best managed at a regional scale. However, in the absence of regional management it is important that project-level assessment supports cumulative effects management as best as possible. In this paper we present case study socio-economic impact assessments of liquefied natural gas development on Aboriginal groups on Canada's west coast. The case studies use an analytical structure modified from typical Canadian practice including unambiguous and non-arbitrary significance thresholds grounded in stakeholder values to focus baselines, impact assessment, and significance determination on cumulative effects. This approach is found to be more capable of informing decision-makers on cumulative effects as well as more rigorous and transparent than typical assessments. Much of this approach is not conceptually new, but at least in western Canada such an approach is not typically used or meaningfully implemented by practitioners. As such, the case studies serve to illustrate how practice can bolster project-level assessment. |
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