基于总量控制的网箱养殖氮排放管理策略

现有的水产养殖废水排放以浓度控制为主,无法评估网箱养殖等开放水域养殖活动的污染物排放情况。网箱养殖单位产量的氮排放量高,养殖单元直接放置于开放水域中,无法实现末端治理。养殖户应在满足水环境氮容量的前提下,制定生产计划。在总结网箱养殖氮排放情况和网箱养殖与水环境关系的特点的基础上,提出了基于总量控制的网箱养殖氮排放管理的设想和工作思路,以期为开放式养殖模式的环境管理提供参考。

Management of nitrogen discharge from cage aquaculture based on total emission control

The present management of waste water discharged from aquaculture is mainly based on the concentration control.However,it could not be used to evaluate cage aquaculture efficiently.The nitrogen loading per capita of cage aquaculture was higher than the other aquaculture systems.Moreover,the effluents of cage aquaculture could not be previously cleaned before they entered the environment.According to the relationship of cage aquaculture and water environment,this paper proposed that the management of nitrogen discharged from cage aquaculture should be based on water environmental capacity.The farmers should plan their production activity based on the environmental capacity of nitrogen required by the government.The current paper proposed the outline of the management of nitrogen discharge from cage aquaculture.The main object was to give a reference for the environment management of aquaculture activities carried out in the open water.