A numerical study on the feasibility and efficiency of point smoke extraction strategies in large cross-section shield tunnel fires using CFD modeling |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China;2. Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China;3. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China;4. Shanghai Urban Construction Design & Research Institute, 3447 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200125, China;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8507, Japan;2. Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8507, Japan;3. School of Mechanical Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa-shi, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan;1. Faculty of Urban Construction and Environment Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400045, PR China;3. National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing 400045, PR China;4. Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg University, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark;1. School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China;2. College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China |
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| Abstract: | The strategy of smoke control is of high importance for the design process of tunnels, especially for long and large cross-section tunnels. The South Hongmei Rd. Tunnel (SHT) located in Shanghai, China, is a 3.39 km long shield TBM (tunnel boring machine) tunnel with an external diameter of 14.5 m. The point smoke extraction system was proposed initially as the main ventilation strategy during a tunnel fire. To investigate the fire characteristics in the tunnel and develop appropriate smoke control strategies, a series of numerical 3D Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted. Three fire scenarios, namely 5 MW, 20 MW and 50 MW, were modeled to evaluate the point extraction system. The gas temperatures, the stratification of the smoke, air temperature, minimum visibility etc., during the smoke spreading of a fire were analyzed. Based on the results of the simulation, the smoke extraction strategies according to fire scale and fire location were proposed for fire extinguishing. It was found that the three-point extraction opening strategy can control the smoke better than two-point extraction opening strategy under various fire scales, especially under serious fire scenario. From the results, damper openings ranged at closer intervals were found more efficient in two-point extraction system. Besides, placing the damper openings in the longitudinal direction can improve the efficiency of smoke extraction. It also results in reduction of the quantity of prefabricated members of duct slab and the process of assembly will be simplified during the construction. |
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| Keywords: | Tunnel fire Large-cross section and long tunnel Point smoke extraction Numerical simulation Fluid dynamics |
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