Municipal solid-waste management in Istanbul |
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| Authors: | Gurdal Kanat |
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| Institution: | 1. Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell''Innovazione, Università del Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;2. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Energetica e Gestionale, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy;3. Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informatica e Sistemistica, Università di Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy;1. Bahçe?ehir University Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul, 34353, Turkey;2. Bahçe?ehir University Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Energy Systems Engineering Department, Istanbul, 34353, Turkey;3. Kadir Has University Business Administration Department, Istanbul, 34083, Turkey;1. Institute of Environmental and Water Studies, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Palestine;2. Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Environmental Engineering, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Box 483, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece;3. Faculty of Graduate Studies, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Palestine;4. The Joint Services Council for Solid Waste Management for Hebron and Bethlehem Governorates (JSC-H&B), West Bank, Palestine;1. MatER Research Center, c/o Consorzio L.E.A.P., Via Nino Bixio 27/c, 29121 Piacenza, Italy;2. Politecnico di Milano – Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering – Environmental Section, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy;1. Wageningen University, Hollandseweg 1, PO Box 8130, Wageningen, The Netherlands;2. Instituto Universitario de Lisboa, Av. das Forcas Armadas, 1649026 Lisboa, Portugal;3. Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Roveisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;4. Center for Operations and Supply Chain Research, Leeds University Business School, Maurice Keyworth Building, Leeds, United Kingdom;1. Department of Engineering and Technology, Federal University of Espírito Santo – UFES, Rodovia BR 101 Norte, Km 60, Bairro Litorâneo, São Mateus, ES, 29.932-540, Brazil;2. Transportation Engineering Programme, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco H, Sala 106, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, 21949-900, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Istanbul, with a population of around 13 million people, is located between Europe and Asia and is the biggest city in Turkey. Metropolitan Istanbul produces about 14,000 tons of solid waste per day. The aim of this study was to assess the situation of municipal solid-waste (MSW) management in Istanbul. This was achieved by reviewing the quantity and composition of waste produced in Istanbul. Current requirements and challenges in relation to the optimization of Istanbul’s MSW collection and management system are also discussed, and several suggestions for solving the problems identified are presented. The recovery of solid waste from the landfills, as well as the amounts of landfill-generated biogas and electricity, were evaluated. In recent years, MSW management in Istanbul has improved because of strong governance and institutional involvement. However, efforts directed toward applied research are still required to enable better waste management. These efforts will greatly support decision making on the part of municipal authorities. There remains a great need to reduce the volume of MSW in Istanbul. |
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