Carbon emissions reduction strategies in Africa from improved waste management: A review |
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| Authors: | R Couth C Trois |
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| Institution: | 1. Transportation Research Center, China Academy of Transportation Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;2. Business School, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;3. Center for Resource and Environmental Management, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;1. Energy & Wetlands Research Group, Center for Ecological Sciences [CES], India;2. Centre for Sustainable Technologies (astra), India;3. Centre for infrastructure, Sustainable Transportation and Urban Planning [CiSTUP] Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 012, India;4. Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia;5. Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Ranbir and Chitra Gupta School of Infrastructure Design and Management, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India;1. Built Environment Department, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom;2. Civil Engineering Department Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom;3. Chemistry Department University of Lagos, Akoka, Nigeria;1. Anhui University of Science and Technology, School of Humanities and Social Science, Huainan 232001, China;2. Anhui University of Science and Technology, School of Economics and Management, Huainan 232001, China;3. South-Central University for Nationalities, School of Management, Wuhan 430074, China;1. School of Public Finance and Taxation, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China;2. School of Statistics and Applied Mathematics, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, PR China;1. Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran;2. Biofuel Research Team (BRTeam), Karaj, Iran;3. Microbial Biotechnology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran;4. Iran Renewable Energy Organization (SUNA), 1468611387, Tehran, Iran;5. Centre of Environmental Science, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands;6. Department of Mechanical Engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran |
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| Abstract: | The paper summarises a literature review into waste management practices across Africa as part of a study to assess methods to reduce carbon emissions. Research shows that the average organic content for urban Municipal Solid Waste in Africa is around 56% and its degradation is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. The paper concludes that the most practical and economic way to manage waste in the majority of urban communities in Africa and therefore reduce carbon emissions is to separate waste at collection points to remove dry recyclables by door to door collection, compost the remaining biogenic carbon waste in windrows, using the maturated compost as a substitute fertilizer and dispose the remaining fossil carbon waste in controlled landfills. |
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