A comparison of municipal solid waste management in Berlin and Singapore |
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| Authors: | Dongqing Zhang Tan Soon Keat Richard M Gersberg |
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| Institution: | 1. DHI-NTU Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore;2. Maritime Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore;3. Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, Hardy Tower 119, 5500 Campanile, San Diego CA 92182-4162, USA;1. The School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;2. China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;3. The Economy and Management School, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;4. Department of Economics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49009, USA;1. Centre for the Economics and Management of Aquatic Resources (CEMARE), University of Portsmouth, St George’s Building, 141 High Street, Portsmouth PO1 2HY, United Kingdom;2. School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Burnaby Building, Burnaby Road, Portsmouth, PO1 3QL, United Kingdom;3. Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, University of Sri Jayewardenapura, Sri Soratha Mawatha, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka;1. Autonoma de Madrid University, Faculty of Business and Economy, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain;2. Castilla-la Mancha University, Faculty of Social Sciences of Talavera, Av Real Fábrica de Seda S/N, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Toledo, Spain;3. Complutense of Madrid University, Faculty of Business and Economy, Campus de Somosaguas, 28023 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain;1. Center for Resources and Environmental Economic Research, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China;2. School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China;1. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220, Handan Rd., Shanghai 200433, PR China;2. Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Brighton, Lewes Rd., Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK |
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| Abstract: | A comparative analysis of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) in Singapore and Berlin was carried out in order to identify its current status, and highlight the prevailing conditions of MSWM. An overview of the various aspects of MSWM in these two cities is provided, with emphasis on comparing the legal, technical, and managerial aspects of MSW. Collection systems and recycling practiced with respect to the involvement of the government and the private sector, are also presented.Over last two decades, the city of Berlin has made impressive progress with respect to its waste management. The amounts of waste have declined significantly, and at the same time the proportion that could be recovered and recycled has increased. In contrast, although Singapore’s recycling rate has been increasing over the past few years, rapid economic and population growth as well as change in consumption patterns in this city-state has caused waste generation to continue to increase. Landfilling of MSW plays minor role in both cities, one due to geography (Singapore) and the other due to legislative prohibition (Berlin). Consequently, both in Singapore and Berlin, waste is increasingly being used as a valuable resource and great efforts have been made for the development of incineration technology and energy recovery, as well as climate protection. |
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