营养物质对污泥沉降性能的影响及污泥膨胀的控制

采用序批式活性污泥工艺(SBR)处理啤酒废水,研究了N、P营养物质的不同缺乏程度对污泥沉降性能的影响,同时考察了污泥絮体性状和微生物的变化.结果表明,原水BOD₅/N/P为100/5/1、100/5/0.8和100/4/0.8时,污泥沉降性能良好,没有发生膨胀;BOD₅/N/P为100/0.94/0.31、100/2/0.4、100/3/0.6时发生丝状菌污泥膨胀;BOD₅/N/P为100/0.94/1、100/5/0.31、100/5/0.4、100/5/0.6时发生非丝状菌污泥膨胀.缺乏营养物质引起的污泥膨胀,多数情况下补充足够的营养物质后,膨胀可得到控制.提高有机负荷有助于改善污泥的沉降性能.进水N、P营养物质同时缺乏时,可形成直径为2mm～6mm的颗粒污泥.

Effect of Nutrient on Sludge Settling Property and Bulking Controls

The effect of nutrient (N and P) deficiency on activated sludge settleability and characteristics of activated sludge flocs in Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) fed with brewery wastewater were investigated. The results showed that the activated sludge had good settling properties at influent BOD5/N/P was 100/5/1,100/5/0.8 and 100/4/0.8 respectively. When BOD5/N/P was 100/0.94/0.31,100/2/0.4,100/3/0.6 respectively, the sludge settleability became worse due to excessive growth of filamentous. When BOD5/N/P was 100/0.94/1,100/5/0.31,100/5/0.4,100/5/0.6 respectively, non-filamentous activated sludge bulking occurred. Adding sufficient nutrient to the influent, the sludge bulking was controlled effectively and the low SVI was recovered. When increasing COD loading rate, the duration of recovery could be diminished. When nitrogen and phosphorus were insufficient synchronously, aerobic granular sludge was formed which was averagely 2mm-6mm in diameter.