Investigation of an accidental explosion due to unintended mixing involving reactive chemicals at a waste storage tank |
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Authors: | Atsumi Miyake Arata Kimura Nobuyoshi Yamada |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Safety Engineering, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan |
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Abstract: | An accidental explosion occurred in a waste storage tank at an incineration plant in Kawasaki, Japan, on May 11, 1997. The
accident was caused primarily by unintended mixing involving reactive chemicals, such as organic peroxides (POs) and acrylonitrile
(AN). The PO initiated polymerization of AN and the heat released during the polymerization led to a runaway reaction and
explosion. POs are widely used in the chemical industry and can be self-reactive and hazardous when mixed with other chemicals
such as acids and alkalis. The goal of this study was to obtain a better understanding of the mixing hazard of chemicals through
an evaluation of POs with other chemicals using conventional experimental techniques such as glass test-tube tests, Dewar
vessel tests, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Seven types of POs were mixed with AN. Test results were classified
into four ranks based on the hazard criteria. In addition, di(2-ethylhexyl)-peroxydicarbonate/AN mixtures were investigated
in detail and the influences of the mixing ratio and the stirring rate were examined. |
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Keywords: | Accidental explosion Mixing hazard Acrylonitrile Organic peroxide |
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