建筑工人不安全行为影响因子分析及控制措施研究

为有效的控制建筑工人的不安全行为，从而减少事故，须分析出建筑工人不安全行为主要影响因素，并提出针对性控制措施。从各种不安全行为中提取13个影响因子，在此基础上通过访谈和调研获得直接影响矩阵，借助决策试验和评价实验室方法(DEMATEL)计算出每个因子的影响度、原因度和中心度，由此分析出安全态度、安全技能、安全认知和安全培训在影响因素体系中最为重要，领导的重视对建筑工人的不安全行为也有很大影响。结果表明:个人因素是影响工人安全行为的主要因素，环境因素和管理因素通过影响个人因素影响工人的安全行为。最后，针对个人影响因素，提出了合理开展安全培训、加强现场行为管理、加强安全心理干预、完善用工制度等措施。

Study on influence factor and control measures for unsafe behavior of construction workers

To control the unsafe behaviorof construction workers so as to reduce safety accidents ,the main factors that influence unsafe behavior of construction workers must be found , and the control measures must be put forward corresponding .13 impact factors were extracted from the different unsafe behaviors , on this basis, the direct influ-ence matrix was obtained by interviewing , and the method of DEMATEL was applied to calculate the influence de-gree, reason degree, and center degree of each factor .It showed that the following factors：safety attitude,safety skills,safety cognitive , and safety training are more important than the others and the leaders ’ attention has great influence on unsafe behavior of construction workers .Personal factor is the main factor of satety behavior workers , the environment factor and management factor influence the safety behavior by influencing personal factor .At last, in allusion to the personal factor , the measures like carrying out safety training , strengthening the management of behavior on field ,strengthening the safety psychological intervention , and improving the recruitment system were put forward .