一次雷暴天气发生发展的水汽图和红外云图特征分析

通过MTSAT的水汽图和红外云图,结合天气图、NCEP资料、地闪实况资料和探空数据对在高空急流影响下的暗区雷暴实例进行了对比分析。结果表明:暗区雷暴在卫星云图上表现为经过白天太阳辐射对晴空区(水汽图暗区)近地面的加热作用,大气不稳定能量增加,在一定条件下,午后强雷暴时常发生发展于高空急流左侧的晴空区中;而在水汽图上,高空急流与水汽图上的干区、湿区间有明显的联系,而这些联系又与强雷暴的发生发展有密切的关系,是雷暴发生发展的重要条件;在雷暴云发展过程中,地闪时空分布在卫星云图上有着明显的对应。

Characteristic analysis of water vapor and infrared satellite cloud images for the occurrence and development of a thunderstorm weather

This article uses the MTSAT data of IR Water vapor satellite cloud images,weather chart,and NCEP data to analyze the relationship between dark zone thunderstorm with upper-level jet stream.In addition,sounding data was also used to do deep analysis.The results show that because of the heating action of solar radiation to the ground layer in the clear air region,dynamic instability of atmosphere enhances.Under certain conditions,intense thunderstorms often occur and develop in the left side of the upper-level jet stream which presents a dark area in the water vapor image.However,in the water vapor image,there exists an obvious relationship between the upper-level jet stream with dry region and humid regions.During the development of the thunderstorm,the spatiotemporal distribution of ground lightning evidently corresponds with the satellite cloud images at the same time.