浅丘河道生态需水量计算方法对比研究——以鄂北地区水河为例

适宜的生态需水量是保障河道生态系统健康的重要因素,合理地计算生态需水量对河道生态系统评估具有现实意义。以鄂北地区典型浅丘河道——水河为例,基于Qp法(不同频率最枯月平均值法)、频率曲线法、最小月平均流量法、Tennant法及生物习性法5种方法的生态流量计算结果,探讨了各方法计算结果的合理性与适用性。结果表明:由于上下游河道水文条件差异性,上游断面采用生物习性法能较好地拟合河道水文节律变化和水质波动;同理,下游断面采用频率曲线法更加匹配下游河道水文、水质情况。因此,在河道上、下游断面分别采用生物习性法、频率曲线法计算得到适宜生态需水量为0.21 m^3/s、2.02 m^3/s。

Comparative Study of the Calculation Methods for Ecological Flow Requirements of Shallow Hilly Rivers: Taking Jueshui River as an Example

Suitable ecological water demand is an important factor to ensure the health of river ecosystems.Reasonable calculation of ecological water demand has practical significance for river ecosystem assessment.Taking the typical Jueshui river in the north of Hubei province as an example,based on the Qp method,frequency curve method,minimum monthly mean flow method,Tennant and life habit method,the rationality and applicability of the calculation results were discussed.Due to the difference in hydrological conditions between the upstream and downstream rivers,the life habit method was better to fit the hydrological rhythm of the river and the fluctuation of water quality in the upstream section.while the frequency curve method was better to match those of the downstream river.The appropriate ecological water requirement was calculated by the two methods for the upper and lower sections was 0.21 m^3/s and 2.02 m^3/s,respectively.