季铵盐型Gemini表面活性剂去除铜绿微囊藻

研究了5种不同结构的季铵盐表面活性剂对铜绿微囊藻的去除效率，对比发现具有Gemini双子结构的季铵盐表面活性剂比普通的单链表面活性剂对铜绿微囊藻的去除效率高，且烷烃链越长去除效果越好。以去除效率最高的16-6-16季铵盐型Gemini表面活性剂为研究对象，探讨了16-6-16用量、藻液浓度、pH及离子强度等对除藻效果的影响。结果表明：随着16-6-16用量的增加，藻细胞的去除率逐渐增加，在较高的藻密度（A_683nm=0.402）下，仅需5 mg/L的16-6-16即可破坏藻细胞的完整性，导致其死亡，当16-6-16的用量达到20 mg/L时，24 h后的藻细胞及叶绿素a的去除率可达90%；固定16-6-16的投加量为20 mg/L，随着藻浓度增大，16-6-16的除藻效率提高；当铜绿微囊藻的光密度值在A_683nm=0.402时，除藻效率最高；16-6-16除藻的最适宜pH为7~9；随着溶液离子强度增加，除藻效率降低。最后根据透反射生物显微镜观察灭藻前后藻细胞微观结构的变化及藻液Zeta电位的测试，初步探讨了季铵盐型Gemini表面活性剂灭杀铜绿微囊藻的机理。

Removal of Microcystis aeruginosa by Using Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Gemini Surfactant

The removal efficiency of five different structures of quaternary ammonium salt surfactants for the Microcystis aeruginosa(MA) was studied. The comparison showed that the removal efficiency of the MA with the Gemini structure surfactant was higher than that of the common single chain surfactant, with high removal efficiency by long-chain alkanes. Using 16-6-16 as quaternary ammonium salt Gemini surfactant for study, the effects of the dosage of 16-6-16, concentration of MA solution, pH and ionic strength on removal efficiency of MA were discussed. The results showed that the removal efficiency of MA increased with the dosage of the Gemini surfactant. At high optical density (A683nm) of 0.402,only 5 mg/L of 16-6-16 could destroy the integrity of cells，causing the cells to die consequently. As the dosage of 16-6-16 increased to 20mg/L, the removal efficiency of MA could reach above 90% after 24 h. When the dosage of 16-6-16 was 20 mg/L, the removal efficiency increased with MA solution concentration, which could achieve the highest at the A683nm of 0.402. The removal efficiency of MA decreased with the increase of ionic strength, and the optimum pH was 7 to 9. At last, according to the study of the microscopic structure and the Zeta potential of MA solution, the mechanism of the quaternary ammonium salt Gemini surfactant for MA removal was primarily discussed.