武烈河流域水质污染特征及污染源解析

以武烈河流域2014年1—12月23项指标的监测数据为基础，采用单因子评价法和水质综合指数评价法，对水质污染特征进行综合评价；运用主成分分析法，确定流域主要污染因子及区域水质空间变化特征，并进一步对流域污染来源进行解析。结果表明：武烈河流域上游支流水质为Ⅱ类，干流段监测断面S1与S3水质为Ⅲ类，S2与S4水质为Ⅳ类，主要污染指标为BOD₅与TP；流域水质由2个主成分组成，COD_Cr、COD_Mn为第一主成分，NH₃-N、DO与BOD₅为第二主成分；流域主要污染源包括生活污水、工业废水、农业化肥和农药的投入和畜禽养殖废水等。

Water Quality Pollution Characteristics and Pollution Source of Wulie River Basin

Based on the monthly monitoring data of 23 water quality indexes of Wulie River basin in 2014, a comprehensive water quality evaluation was performed using single-factor assessment and comprehensive evaluation index method. Utilizing principle component analysis (PCA), the main pollution indicators in the river basin and the regional spatial variation characteristics of the water quality were determined. Furthermore, the pollution sources in the basin were analyzed. According to the results, the water quality of upper tributaries was in Class Ⅱ, the water quality of monitoring sections S1 and S3 in main stream was in Class Ⅲ, and that of monitoring sections S2 and S4 in main stream was in Class Ⅳ. The main pollution indicators were BOD5 and TP. The PCA results showed that PC1 included COD Cr and CODMn, the PC2 included NH3-N, DO and BOD5. There were four main pollution sources including domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, agricultural fertilizer and pesticide inputs, and livestock and poultry raising waste.