1985~2019年中国全氟辛烷磺酰基化合物的动态物质流分析

全氟辛烷磺酰基化合物（PFOS）是一类具有持久性、生物累积性和毒性的化学品.揭示PFOS在较大时空范围内的流动、储存和释放规律，可为PFOS管理提供科学依据.本研究构建了1985~2019年中国PFOS的动态物质流模型，量化了流量、存量及环境释放量，并对结果进行了灵敏度和不确定性分析.结果表明，国内生产是中国PFOS主要的源，生产的PFOS多以终端产品形态流向国内市场，少数以原料形式出口；土壤和水体是中国PFOS主要的汇，释放到两者中的PFOS主要来自产品使用阶段，2019年达103 t.2000年前PFOS的总输入量和总输出量均相对较小，后逐步增加；2009年，相关公约的颁布使两者明显下降.2005年起，在用存量和环境释放量逐年增加，土地填埋存量自1985年起始终保持增长状态.含PFOS的废弃物的末端处理目前仍以土地填埋和焚烧等传统方式为主，但有向绿色处理方式转型的趋势.本研究结果可为健全我国PFOS管理提供基础数据和理论支持.

Dynamic Material Flow Analysis of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in China: 1985-2019

Perfluorooctane sulfonates (PFOS) are regarded as a category of chemicals with persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. Understanding dynamic flows, stocks, and emissions of PFOS on a macro spatial and temporal scale can help provide a scientific basis for their sound management. In this work, a dynamic material flow analysis (d-MFA) model was built to characterize and analyze the cycles of PFOS in mainland China over the period 1985-2019. Flows, stocks, and environmental emissions were calculated and the sensitivity and uncertainty of the results were then analyzed. Results show that domestic production was the primary source of PFOS in China, most of which was flowed to the domestic market in the form of final products, with the remainder exported to international markets; soil and water were the main sinks of PFOS in China, with emissions from the usage stage contributing the largest portion (103 tons in 2019). The number of inflows and outflows were relatively low before 2000, but gradually increased until 2009 when the relevant convention was issued. Since 2005, in-use stocks and emissions of PFOS have grown yearly. In addition, stocks in landfill have been climbing since 1985. End-of-life management was still dominated by traditional methods, such as landfill and incineration, while there was a trend towards green treatments. This study can provide basic data and theoretical support for the sound management of PFOS in China.