北京市三类住宅室内CO、颗粒物污染及其元素分析

根据对三类有代表性住宅进行一年四季的有关监测及对户主所作个体碳氧血红蛋白(COHb)测定,研究表明室内空气污染较严重,尤其在冬季,颗粒物浓度普遍经常超标,CO更甚,可高达47ppm,室内空气污染与住房类型,特别是与取暖方式,关系密切,同类住宅当改用了中心供暖后,污染大为改善,30种元素分析表明是典型的燃煤夹杂风砂的污染,室内Pb浓度较高可能与使用液化石油气(LPG)灶具有关,吸烟的影响有时可被严重的室内污染所掩盖。

Indoor Pollution of CO and Particulate Matter in Beijing and Its Elemental Analysis

Three types of houses in Beijing were investigated that a smoking household and non-smoking one in each type were compared. Inhalable particulate(IP), respira-ble particulate(RP)and carbon monoxide(CO)were monitored in the living rooms and kitchens respectively for four seasons. At the same time carboxyhaemoglobin(COHb)was measured individually for each of the householders. The results showed that indoor air pollution was rather serious, especially in winter when particulate concentration was even as high as 47ppm. Indoor air pollution is closely related to types of houses, particularly to the ways of heating. Air pollution will be greatly decreased when central heating facilities are established.The analysis of 30 elements showed that the pollution was typically derived from coal burning and aggravated by dust wind, but indoor higher Pb level was probably due to use of liquified petroleum gas for cooking. In our study, the effect of cigarette smoking seemed to be covered up by the serious indoor air pollution.