城镇污水AAOA高标准除磷脱氮技术开发与应用

针对城镇污水在高标准除磷脱氮过程中碳源不足的问题，提出了基于多路径协同的AAOA除磷脱氮技术，探究了AAOA系统实现高标准除磷脱氮对进水C/N的要求，并对实际城镇污水处理进行了实验研究。结果表明：当进水C/N分别为6、7.5、9时，系统TN去除率分别为74.12%、84.90%、90.05%，TP去除率分别为48.29%、97.68%、98.50%；当进水C/N≥7.5时，系统可以实现高标准脱氮除磷。16S rRNA高通量测序结果表明：系统中脱氮除磷功能菌属主要有Aeromonas、Nitrospira、Aeromonas、Comamonadaceae_unclassified、Uliginosibacterium、Saccharibacteria_norank、Candidatus_Accumulibacter、Aeromonas、Pseudomonas、Dechloromonas，系统通过自养硝化、异养硝化、异养反硝化、反硝化聚磷、好氧反硝化等多条路径协同作用实现了高标准除磷脱氮。同时，采用AAOA系统处理城镇污水，当城镇污水进水C/N为7.5时，系统出水${rm{NH}}_4^{+} $-N、TN和PO43--P平均质量浓度分别为0.40、3.57、0.21 mg·L−1，平均去除率分别达到98.76%、89.03%和95.55%，即无需外加碳源可实现城镇污水的高标准除磷脱氮。

Development and application of AAOA high-standard phosphorus and nitrogen removal technology for urban sewage

Aiming at the problem of insufficient carbon source in the process of high standard phosphorus and nitrogen removal in urban sewage, an AAOA phosphorus and nitrogen removal technology based on multi-path coordination was proposed. The requirements of influent C/N in AAOA system for high standard phosphorus and nitrogen removal and the actual urban sewage treatment were studied. The results showed that when the influent COD/TN were 6, 7.5 and 9, the TN removal rates were 74.12%, 84.90% and 90.05%, respectively, and the TP removal rates were 48.29%, 97.68% and 98.50%, respectively; when the influent C/N increased to 7.5 and higher values, the system could realize the high-standard removal of phosphorus and nitrogen. The results of 16SrRNA high-throughput sequencing indicated that the functional bacteria for nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the system mainly included Aeromonas, Nitrospira, Aeromonas, Comamonadaceae _ unclassified, Uliginosibacterium, Saccharibacteria_norank, Candidatus_Accumulibacter, Aeromonas,Pseudomonas and Dechloromonas. The system realized high-standard removal of nitrogen and phosphorus through autotrophic nitrification, heterotrophic nitrification, synergistic action of denitrifying phosphorus accumulation, heterotrophic denitrification and aerobic denitrification. At the same time, when AAOA was used to treat municipal wastewater with the influent C/N of 7.5, the average concentrations of ${rm{NH}}_4^{+} $-N, TN and PO43--P in the effluent of AAOA system were 0.40, 3.57, 0.21 mg·L-1, and the average removal rates were 98.76%, 89.03% and 95.55%, respectively. High standard phosphorus and nitrogen removal of urban sewage can be achieved without additional carbon source.